Re: [RFC] Rewrite indentation functions

[Nicolas Goaziou <n.goaziou@gmail.com>]

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Hello,

Eric Abrahamsen <eric@ericabrahamsen.net> writes:

>> Right now I'm seeing breakage with `org-set-property' -- this only
>> happens on the indentation patches branch. Adding an EXPORT_AUTHOR
>> property with that command, value of "asdfadsf", gives me this:
>>
>> * Test Heading
>>   :PROPERTIES:
>>
>>   :EXPORT_AUTHOR: asdfasdfnil        nil
>>
>> Extra blank nil, spurious "nils", and no :END:

[...]

> Specifically, in this section of `org-indent-line':
>
> (when (eq type 'node-property)
> 	       (let ((column (current-column)))
> 		 (save-excursion
> 		   (beginning-of-line)
> 		   (looking-at org-property-re))
> 		 (replace-match (concat (match-string 4)
> 					(format org-property-format
> 						(match-string 1)
> 						(match-string 3)))
> 				t t)
> 		 (org-move-to-column column)))
>
> Those match-string calls toward the end both return "nil", and the
> "nil"s get inserted directly into the buffer. I tried this with a
> minimal setup (load-paths only, and a blank Org file) and could
> reproduce.

Indeed. I attach a replacement for both patch 1 and 2.

Thank you.


Regards,

-- 
Nicolas Goaziou

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From 104a091d127b746662adfa7b3f71a602ef5f816e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nicolas Goaziou <n.goaziou@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2013 14:04:17 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Rewrite `org-indent-line'

* lisp/org.el (org--get-expected-indentation,
  org--align-node-property): New functions.
(org-indent-line): Use new function.  Also merge functionalities with
`org-src-native-tab-command-maybe'.

* lisp/org-src.el (org-src-native-tab-command-maybe): Remove function.

* testing/lisp/test-org.el (test-org/indent-line): New test.
---
 lisp/org-src.el          |  11 --
 lisp/org.el              | 281 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 testing/lisp/test-org.el | 157 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 330 insertions(+), 119 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lisp/org-src.el b/lisp/org-src.el
index 791f934..8d60f68 100644
--- a/lisp/org-src.el
+++ b/lisp/org-src.el
@@ -895,17 +895,6 @@ issued in the language major mode buffer."
   :version "24.1"
   :group 'org-babel)
 
-(defun org-src-native-tab-command-maybe ()
-  "Perform language-specific TAB action.
-Alter code block according to what TAB does in the language major mode."
-  (and org-src-tab-acts-natively
-       (org-in-src-block-p)
-       (not (equal this-command 'org-shifttab))
-       (let ((org-src-strip-leading-and-trailing-blank-lines nil))
-	 (org-babel-do-key-sequence-in-edit-buffer (kbd "TAB")))))
-
-(add-hook 'org-tab-first-hook 'org-src-native-tab-command-maybe)
-
 (defun org-src-font-lock-fontify-block (lang start end)
   "Fontify code block.
 This function is called by emacs automatic fontification, as long
diff --git a/lisp/org.el b/lisp/org.el
index 44a4e44..3559209 100644
--- a/lisp/org.el
+++ b/lisp/org.el
@@ -22206,116 +22206,181 @@ hierarchy of headlines by UP levels before marking the subtree."
 
 ;;; Indentation
 
+(defun org--get-expected-indentation (element contentsp)
+  "Expected indentation column for current line, according to ELEMENT.
+ELEMENT is an element containing point.  CONTENTSP is non-nil
+when indentation is to be computed according to contents of
+ELEMENT."
+  (let ((type (org-element-type element))
+	(start (org-element-property :begin element)))
+    (org-with-wide-buffer
+     (cond
+      (contentsp
+       (case type
+	 (footnote-definition 0)
+	 ((headline inlinetask nil)
+	  (if (not org-adapt-indentation) 0
+	    (let ((level (org-current-level)))
+	      (if level (1+ level) 0))))
+	 ((item plain list)
+	  (org-list-item-body-column
+	   (or (org-element-property :post-affiliated element) start)))
+	 (otherwise
+	  (goto-char start)
+	  (org-get-indentation))))
+      ((memq type '(headline inlinetask nil))
+       (if (save-excursion (beginning-of-line) (looking-at "[ \t]*$"))
+	   (org--get-expected-indentation element t)
+	 0))
+      ((eq type 'footnote-definition) 0)
+      ;; First paragraph of a footnote definition or an item.
+      ;; Indent like parent.
+      ((< (line-beginning-position) start)
+       (org--get-expected-indentation
+	(org-element-property :parent element) t))
+      ;; At first line: indent according to previous sibling, if any,
+      ;; ignoring footnote definitions and inline tasks, or parent's
+      ;; contents.
+      ((= (line-beginning-position) start)
+       (catch 'exit
+	 (while t
+	   (if (= (point-min) start) (throw 'exit 0)
+	     (goto-char (1- start))
+	     (let ((previous (org-element-at-point)))
+	       (while (let ((parent (org-element-property :parent previous)))
+			(and parent
+			     (setq previous parent)
+			     (<= (org-element-property :end parent) start))))
+	       (cond ((or (not previous)
+			  (> (org-element-property :end previous) start))
+		      (throw 'exit (org--get-expected-indentation previous t)))
+		     ((memq (org-element-type previous)
+			    '(footnote-definition inlinetask))
+		      (setq start (org-element-property :begin previous)))
+		     (t (goto-char (org-element-property :begin previous))
+			(throw 'exit (org-get-indentation)))))))))
+      ;; Otherwise, move to the first non-blank line above.
+      (t
+       (beginning-of-line)
+       (let ((pos (point)))
+	 (skip-chars-backward " \r\t\n")
+	 (cond
+	  ;; Two blank lines end a footnote definition or a plain
+	  ;; list.  When we indent an empty line after them, the
+	  ;; containing list or footnote definition is over, so it
+	  ;; qualifies as a previous sibling.  Therefore, we indent
+	  ;; like its first line.
+	  ((and (memq type '(footnote-definition plain-list))
+		(> (count-lines (point) pos) 2))
+	   (goto-char start)
+	   (org-get-indentation))
+	  ;; Line above is the first one of a paragraph at the
+	  ;; beginning of an item or a footnote definition.  Indent
+	  ;; like parent.
+	  ((< (line-beginning-position) start)
+	   (org--get-expected-indentation
+	    (org-element-property :parent element) t))
+	  ;; POS is after contents in a greater element.  Indent like
+	  ;; the beginning of the element.
+	  ;;
+	  ;; As a special case, if point is at the end of a footnote
+	  ;; definition or an item, indent like the very last element
+	  ;; within.
+	  ((let ((cend (org-element-property :contents-end element)))
+	     (and cend (<= cend pos)))
+	   (if (memq type '(footnote-definition item plain-list))
+	       (org--get-expected-indentation (org-element-at-point) nil)
+	     (goto-char start)
+	     (org-get-indentation)))
+	  ;; In any other case, indent like the current line.
+	  (t (org-get-indentation)))))))))
+
+(defun org--align-node-property ()
+  "Align node property at point.
+Alignment is done according to `org-property-format', which see."
+  (when (save-excursion
+	  (beginning-of-line)
+	  (looking-at org-property-re))
+    (replace-match
+     (concat (match-string 4)
+	     (format org-property-format (match-string 1) (match-string 3)))
+     t t)))
+
 (defun org-indent-line ()
-  "Indent line depending on context."
+  "Indent line depending on context.
+
+Indentation is done according to the following rules:
+
+  - Footnote definitions, headlines and inline tasks have to
+    start at column 0.
+
+  - On the very first line of an element, consider, in order, the
+    next rules until one matches:
+
+    1. If there's a sibling element before, ignoring footnote
+       definitions and inline tasks, indent like its first line.
+
+    2. If element has a parent, indent like its contents.  More
+       precisely, if parent is an item, indent after the
+       description part, if any, or the bullet (see
+       ``org-list-description-max-indent').  Else, indent like
+       parent's first line.
+
+    3. Otherwise, indent relatively to current level, if
+       `org-adapt-indentation' is non-nil, or to left margin.
+
+  - On a blank line at the end of a plain list, an item, or
+    a footnote definition, indent like the very last element
+    within.
+
+  - In the code part of a source block, use language major mode
+    to indent current line if `org-src-tab-acts-natively' is
+    non-nil.  If it is nil, do nothing.
+
+  - Otherwise, indent like the first non-blank line above.
+
+The function doesn't indent an item as it could break the whole
+list structure.  Instead, use \\<org-mode-map>\\[org-shiftmetaleft] or \
+\\[org-shiftmetaright].
+
+Also align node properties according to `org-property-format'."
   (interactive)
-  (let* ((pos (point))
-	 (itemp (org-at-item-p))
-	 (case-fold-search t)
-	 (org-drawer-regexp (or org-drawer-regexp "\000"))
-	 (inline-task-p (and (featurep 'org-inlinetask)
-			     (org-inlinetask-in-task-p)))
-	 (inline-re (and inline-task-p
-			 (org-inlinetask-outline-regexp)))
-	 column)
-    (if (and orgstruct-is-++ (eq pos (point)))
-	(let ((indent-line-function (cadadr (assoc 'indent-line-function org-fb-vars))))
-	  (indent-according-to-mode))
-      (beginning-of-line 1)
-      (cond
-       ;; Headings
-       ((looking-at org-outline-regexp) (setq column 0))
-       ;; Footnote definition
-       ((looking-at org-footnote-definition-re) (setq column 0))
-       ;; Literal examples
-       ((looking-at "[ \t]*:\\( \\|$\\)")
-	(setq column (org-get-indentation))) ; do nothing
-       ;; Lists
-       ((ignore-errors (goto-char (org-in-item-p)))
-	(setq column (if itemp
-			 (org-get-indentation)
-		       (org-list-item-body-column (point))))
-	(goto-char pos))
-       ;; Drawers
-       ((and (looking-at "[ \t]*:END:")
-	     (save-excursion (re-search-backward org-drawer-regexp nil t)))
-	(save-excursion
-	  (goto-char (1- (match-beginning 1)))
-	  (setq column (current-column))))
-       ;; Special blocks
-       ((and (looking-at "[ \t]*#\\+end_\\([a-z]+\\)")
-	     (save-excursion
-	       (re-search-backward
-		(concat "^[ \t]*#\\+begin_" (downcase (match-string 1))) nil t)))
-	(setq column (org-get-indentation (match-string 0))))
-       ((and (not (looking-at "[ \t]*#\\+begin_"))
-	     (org-between-regexps-p "^[ \t]*#\\+begin_" "[ \t]*#\\+end_"))
-	(save-excursion
-	  (re-search-backward "^[ \t]*#\\+begin_\\([a-z]+\\)" nil t))
-	(setq column
-	      (cond ((equal (downcase (match-string 1)) "src")
-		     ;; src blocks: let `org-edit-src-exit' handle them
-		     (org-get-indentation))
-		    ((equal (downcase (match-string 1)) "example")
-		     (max (org-get-indentation)
-			  (org-get-indentation (match-string 0))))
-		    (t
-		     (org-get-indentation (match-string 0))))))
-       ;; This line has nothing special, look at the previous relevant
-       ;; line to compute indentation
-       (t
-	(beginning-of-line 0)
-	(while (and (not (bobp))
-		    (not (looking-at org-table-line-regexp))
-		    (not (looking-at org-drawer-regexp))
-		    ;; When point started in an inline task, do not move
-		    ;; above task starting line.
-		    (not (and inline-task-p (looking-at inline-re)))
-		    ;; Skip drawers, blocks, empty lines, verbatim,
-		    ;; comments, tables, footnotes definitions, lists,
-		    ;; inline tasks.
-		    (or (and (looking-at "[ \t]*:END:")
-			     (re-search-backward org-drawer-regexp nil t))
-			(and (looking-at "[ \t]*#\\+end_")
-			     (re-search-backward "[ \t]*#\\+begin_"nil t))
-			(looking-at "[ \t]*[\n:#|]")
-			(looking-at org-footnote-definition-re)
-			(and (not inline-task-p)
-			     (featurep 'org-inlinetask)
-			     (org-inlinetask-in-task-p)
-			     (or (org-inlinetask-goto-beginning) t))))
-	  (beginning-of-line 0))
-	(cond
-	 ;; There was a list item above.
-	 ((ignore-errors (goto-char (org-in-item-p)))
-	  (goto-char (org-list-get-top-point (org-list-struct)))
-	  (setq column (org-get-indentation)))
-	 ;; There was an heading above.
-	 ((looking-at "\\*+[ \t]+")
-	  (if (not org-adapt-indentation)
-	      (setq column 0)
-	    (goto-char (match-end 0))
-	    (setq column (current-column))))
-	 ;; A drawer had started and is unfinished
-	 ((looking-at org-drawer-regexp)
-	  (goto-char (1- (match-beginning 1)))
-	  (setq column (current-column)))
-	 ;; Else, nothing noticeable found: get indentation and go on.
-	 (t (setq column (org-get-indentation))))))
-      ;; Now apply indentation and move cursor accordingly
-      (goto-char pos)
-      (if (<= (current-column) (current-indentation))
-	  (org-indent-line-to column)
-	(save-excursion (org-indent-line-to column)))
-      ;; Special polishing for properties, see `org-property-format'
-      (setq column (current-column))
-      (beginning-of-line 1)
-      (if (looking-at org-property-re)
-	  (replace-match (concat (match-string 4)
-				 (format org-property-format
-					 (match-string 1) (match-string 3)))
-			 t t))
-      (org-move-to-column column))))
+  (cond
+   (orgstruct-is-++
+    (let ((indent-line-function
+	   (cadadr (assq 'indent-line-function org-fb-vars))))
+      (indent-according-to-mode)))
+   ((org-at-heading-p) 'noindent)
+   (t
+    (let* ((element (save-excursion (beginning-of-line) (org-element-at-point)))
+	   (type (org-element-type element)))
+      (cond ((and (memq type '(plain-list item))
+		  (= (line-beginning-position)
+		     (or (org-element-property :post-affiliated element)
+			 (org-element-property :begin element))))
+	     'noindent)
+	    ((and (eq type 'src-block)
+		  (> (line-beginning-position)
+		     (org-element-property :post-affiliated element))
+		  (< (line-beginning-position)
+		     (org-with-wide-buffer
+		      (goto-char (org-element-property :end element))
+		      (skip-chars-backward " \r\t\n")
+		      (line-beginning-position))))
+	     (if (not org-src-tab-acts-natively) 'noindent
+	       (let ((org-src-strip-leading-and-trailing-blank-lines nil))
+		 (org-babel-do-key-sequence-in-edit-buffer (kbd "TAB")))))
+	    (t
+	     (let ((column (org--get-expected-indentation element nil)))
+	       ;; Preserve current column.
+	       (if (<= (current-column) (current-indentation))
+		   (org-indent-line-to column)
+		 (save-excursion (org-indent-line-to column))))
+	     ;; Align node property.  Also preserve current column.
+	     (when (eq type 'node-property)
+	       (let ((column (current-column)))
+		 (org--align-node-property)
+		 (org-move-to-column column)))))))))
 
 (defun org-indent-drawer ()
   "Indent the drawer at point."
diff --git a/testing/lisp/test-org.el b/testing/lisp/test-org.el
index e8d8078..7b31115 100644
--- a/testing/lisp/test-org.el
+++ b/testing/lisp/test-org.el
@@ -441,6 +441,163 @@
 
 
 \f
+;;; Indentation
+
+(ert-deftest test-org/indent-line ()
+  "Test `org-indent-line' specifications."
+  ;; Do not indent footnote definitions or headlines.
+  (should
+   (zerop
+    (org-test-with-temp-text "* H"
+      (org-indent-line)
+      (org-get-indentation))))
+  (should
+   (zerop
+    (org-test-with-temp-text "[fn:1] fn"
+      (let ((org-adapt-indentation t)) (org-indent-line))
+      (org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; Do not indent before first headline.
+  (should
+   (zerop
+    (org-test-with-temp-text ""
+      (org-indent-line)
+      (org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; Indent according to headline level otherwise, unless
+  ;; `org-adapt-indentation' is nil.
+  (should
+   (= 2
+      (org-test-with-temp-text "* H\nA"
+	(forward-line)
+	(let ((org-adapt-indentation t)) (org-indent-line))
+	(org-get-indentation))))
+  (should
+   (= 2
+      (org-test-with-temp-text "* H\n\nA"
+	(forward-line)
+	(let ((org-adapt-indentation t)) (org-indent-line))
+	(org-get-indentation))))
+  (should
+   (zerop
+    (org-test-with-temp-text "* H\nA"
+      (forward-line)
+      (let ((org-adapt-indentation nil)) (org-indent-line))
+      (org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; Indenting preserves point position.
+  (should
+   (org-test-with-temp-text "* H\nAB"
+     (forward-line)
+     (forward-char)
+     (let ((org-adapt-indentation t)) (org-indent-line))
+     (looking-at "B")))
+  ;; Do not change indentation at an item.
+  (should
+   (= 1
+      (org-test-with-temp-text "* H\n - A"
+	(forward-line)
+	(let ((org-adapt-indentation t)) (org-indent-line))
+	(org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; On blank lines at the end of a list, indent like last element
+  ;; within it if the line is still in the list.  Otherwise, indent
+  ;; like the whole list.
+  (should
+   (= 4
+      (org-test-with-temp-text "* H\n- A\n  - AA\n"
+	(goto-char (point-max))
+	(let ((org-adapt-indentation t)) (org-indent-line))
+	(org-get-indentation))))
+  (should
+   (zerop
+    (org-test-with-temp-text "* H\n- A\n  - AA\n\n\n\n"
+      (goto-char (point-max))
+      (let ((org-adapt-indentation t)) (org-indent-line))
+      (org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; Likewise, on a blank line at the end of a footnote definition,
+  ;; indent at column 0 if line belongs to the definition.  Otherwise,
+  ;; indent like the definition itself.
+  (should
+   (zerop
+    (org-test-with-temp-text "* H\n[fn:1] Definition\n"
+      (goto-char (point-max))
+      (let ((org-adapt-indentation t)) (org-indent-line))
+      (org-get-indentation))))
+  (should
+   (zerop
+    (org-test-with-temp-text "* H\n[fn:1] Definition\n\n\n\n"
+      (goto-char (point-max))
+      (let ((org-adapt-indentation t)) (org-indent-line))
+      (org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; After the end of the contents of a greater element, indent like
+  ;; the beginning of the element.
+  (should
+   (= 1
+      (org-test-with-temp-text " #+BEGIN_CENTER\n  Contents\n#+END_CENTER"
+	(forward-line 2)
+	(org-indent-line)
+	(org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; At the first line of an element, indent like previous element's
+  ;; first line, ignoring footnotes definitions and inline tasks, or
+  ;; according to parent.
+  (should
+   (= 2
+      (org-test-with-temp-text "A\n\n  B\n\nC"
+	(goto-char (point-max))
+	(org-indent-line)
+	(org-get-indentation))))
+  (should
+   (= 1
+      (org-test-with-temp-text " A\n\n[fn:1] B\n\n\nC"
+	(goto-char (point-max))
+	(org-indent-line)
+	(org-get-indentation))))
+  (should
+   (= 1
+      (org-test-with-temp-text " #+BEGIN_CENTER\n  Contents\n#+END_CENTER"
+	(forward-line 1)
+	(org-indent-line)
+	(org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; Within code part of a source block, use language major mode if
+  ;; `org-src-tab-acts-natively' is non-nil.  Do nothing otherwise.
+  (should
+   (= 6
+      (org-test-with-temp-text "#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp\n (and A\nB)\n#+END_SRC"
+	(forward-line 2)
+	(let ((org-src-tab-acts-natively t)
+	      (org-edit-src-content-indentation 0))
+	  (org-indent-line))
+	(org-get-indentation))))
+  (should
+   (zerop
+    (org-test-with-temp-text "#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp\n (and A\nB)\n#+END_SRC"
+      (forward-line 2)
+      (let ((org-src-tab-acts-natively nil)
+	    (org-edit-src-content-indentation 0))
+	(org-indent-line))
+      (org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; Otherwise, indent like the first non-blank line above.
+  (should
+   (zerop
+    (org-test-with-temp-text "#+BEGIN_CENTER\nline1\n\n  line2\n#+END_CENTER"
+      (forward-line 3)
+      (org-indent-line)
+      (org-get-indentation))))
+  ;; Align node properties according to `org-property-format'.  Handle
+  ;; nicely empty values.
+  (should
+   (equal ":PROPERTIES:\n:key:      value\n:END:"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text ":PROPERTIES:\n:key: value\n:END:"
+	    (forward-line)
+	    (let ((org-property-format "%-10s %s"))
+	      (org-indent-line)
+	      (buffer-string)))))
+  (should
+   (equal ":PROPERTIES:\n:key:\n:END:"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text ":PROPERTIES:\n:key:\n:END:"
+	    (forward-line)
+	    (let ((org-property-format "%-10s %s"))
+	      (org-indent-line)
+	      (buffer-string))))))
+
+\f
 ;;; Editing
 
 ;;;; Insert elements
-- 
1.9.2


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From 4a0440d4178e51410cc1e6911e47f4ab2b8795ac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nicolas Goaziou <n.goaziou@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 27 Apr 2014 16:48:02 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Rewrite `org-indent-region'

* lisp/org.el (org-indent-region): Update function according to recent
  `org-indent-line' change.  Optimize it.

* testing/lisp/test-org.el (test-org/indent-region): New test.
---
 lisp/org.el              | 100 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 testing/lisp/test-org.el |  70 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 163 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lisp/org.el b/lisp/org.el
index 3559209..af34d99 100644
--- a/lisp/org.el
+++ b/lisp/org.el
@@ -22424,15 +22424,101 @@ Also align node properties according to `org-property-format'."
   (message "Block at point indented"))
 
 (defun org-indent-region (start end)
-  "Indent region."
+  "Indent each non-blank line in the region.
+Called from a program, START and END specify the region to
+indent.  The function will not indent contents of example blocks,
+verse blocks and export blocks as leading white spaces are
+assumed to be significant there."
   (interactive "r")
   (save-excursion
-    (let ((line-end (org-current-line end)))
-      (goto-char start)
-      (while (< (org-current-line) line-end)
-	(cond ((org-in-src-block-p t) (org-src-native-tab-command-maybe))
-	      (t (call-interactively 'org-indent-line)))
-	(move-beginning-of-line 2)))))
+    (goto-char start)
+    (beginning-of-line)
+    (let ((indent-to
+	   (lambda (ind pos)
+	     ;; Set IND as indentation for all lines between point and
+	     ;; POS or END, whichever comes first.  Blank lines are
+	     ;; ignored.  Leave point after POS once done.
+	     (let ((limit (copy-marker  (min end pos))))
+	       (while (< (point) limit)
+		 (unless (org-looking-at-p "[ \t]*$") (org-indent-line-to ind))
+		 (forward-line))
+	       (set-marker limit nil))))
+	  (end (copy-marker end)))
+      (while (< (point) end)
+	(if (or (org-looking-at-p " \r\t\n") (org-at-heading-p)) (forward-line)
+	  (let* ((element (org-element-at-point))
+		 (type (org-element-type element))
+		 (element-end (copy-marker (org-element-property :end element)))
+		 (ind (org--get-expected-indentation element nil)))
+	    (if (or (memq type '(paragraph table table-row))
+		    (not (or (org-element-property :contents-begin element)
+			     (memq type
+				   '(example-block export-block src-block)))))
+		;; Elements here are indented as a single block.  Also
+		;; align node properties.
+		(progn
+		  (when (eq type 'node-property)
+		    (org--align-node-property)
+		    (beginning-of-line))
+		  (funcall indent-to ind element-end))
+	      ;; Elements in this category consist of three parts:
+	      ;; before the contents, the contents, and after the
+	      ;; contents.  The contents are treated specially,
+	      ;; according to the element type, or not indented at
+	      ;; all.  Other parts are indented as a single block.
+	      (let* ((post (copy-marker
+			    (or (org-element-property :post-affiliated element)
+				(org-element-property :begin element))))
+		     (cbeg
+		      (copy-marker
+		       (cond
+			((not (org-element-property :contents-begin element))
+			 ;; Fake contents for source blocks.
+			 (org-with-wide-buffer
+			  (goto-char post)
+			  (forward-line)
+			  (point)))
+			((memq type '(footnote-definition item plain-list))
+			 ;; Contents in these elements could start on
+			 ;; the same line as the beginning of the
+			 ;; element.  Make sure we start indenting
+			 ;; from the second line.
+			 (org-with-wide-buffer
+			  (goto-char post)
+			  (forward-line)
+			  (point)))
+			(t (org-element-property :contents-begin element)))))
+		     (cend (copy-marker
+			    (or (org-element-property :contents-end element)
+				;; Fake contents for source blocks.
+				(org-with-wide-buffer
+				 (goto-char element-end)
+				 (skip-chars-backward " \r\t\n")
+				 (line-beginning-position))))))
+		(funcall indent-to ind cbeg)
+		(when (< (point) end)
+		  (case type
+		    ((example-block export-block verse-block))
+		    (src-block
+		     ;; In a source block, indent source code according
+		     ;; to language major mode, but only if
+		     ;; `org-src-tab-acts-natively' is non-nil.
+		     (when (and (< (point) end) org-src-tab-acts-natively)
+		       (ignore-errors
+			 (let (org-src-strip-leading-and-trailing-blank-lines
+			       ;; Region boundaries in edit buffer.
+			       (start (1+ (- (point) cbeg)))
+			       (end (- (min cend end) cbeg)))
+			   (org-babel-do-in-edit-buffer
+			    (indent-region start end))))))
+		    (t (org-indent-region (point) (min cend end))))
+		  (goto-char (min cend end))
+		  (when (< (point) end) (funcall indent-to ind element-end)))
+		(set-marker post nil)
+		(set-marker cbeg nil)
+		(set-marker cend nil)))
+	    (set-marker element-end nil))))
+      (set-marker end nil))))
 
 
 ;;; Filling
diff --git a/testing/lisp/test-org.el b/testing/lisp/test-org.el
index 7b31115..2b2b8f6 100644
--- a/testing/lisp/test-org.el
+++ b/testing/lisp/test-org.el
@@ -597,6 +597,76 @@
 	      (org-indent-line)
 	      (buffer-string))))))
 
+(ert-deftest test-org/indent-region ()
+  "Test `org-indent-region' specifications."
+  ;; Indent paragraph.
+  (should
+   (equal "A\nB\nC"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text " A\nB\n  C"
+	    (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max))
+	    (buffer-string))))
+  ;; Indent greater elements along with their contents.
+  (should
+   (equal "#+BEGIN_CENTER\nA\nB\n#+END_CENTER"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text "#+BEGIN_CENTER\n A\n  B\n#+END_CENTER"
+	    (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max))
+	    (buffer-string))))
+  ;; Ignore contents of verse blocks and example blocks.
+  (should
+   (equal "#+BEGIN_VERSE\n A\n  B\n#+END_VERSE"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text "#+BEGIN_VERSE\n A\n  B\n#+END_VERSE"
+	    (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max))
+	    (buffer-string))))
+  (should
+   (equal "#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE\n A\n  B\n#+END_EXAMPLE"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text "#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE\n A\n  B\n#+END_EXAMPLE"
+	    (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max))
+	    (buffer-string))))
+  ;; Indent according to mode if `org-src-tab-acts-natively' is
+  ;; non-nil.  Otherwise, do not indent code at all.
+  (should
+   (equal "#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp\n(and A\n     B)\n#+END_SRC"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text
+	      "#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp\n (and A\nB)\n#+END_SRC"
+	    (let ((org-src-tab-acts-natively t)
+		  (org-edit-src-content-indentation 0))
+	      (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max)))
+	    (buffer-string))))
+  (should
+   (equal "#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp\n (and A\nB)\n#+END_SRC"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text
+	      "#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp\n (and A\nB)\n#+END_SRC"
+	    (let ((org-src-tab-acts-natively nil)
+		  (org-edit-src-content-indentation 0))
+	      (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max)))
+	    (buffer-string))))
+  ;; Align node properties according to `org-property-format'.  Handle
+  ;; nicely empty values.
+  (should
+   (equal ":PROPERTIES:\n:key:      value\n:END:"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text ":PROPERTIES:\n:key: value\n:END:"
+	    (let ((org-property-format "%-10s %s"))
+	      (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max)))
+	    (buffer-string))))
+  (should
+   (equal ":PROPERTIES:\n:key:\n:END:"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text ":PROPERTIES:\n:key:\n:END:"
+	    (let ((org-property-format "%-10s %s"))
+	      (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max)))
+	    (buffer-string))))
+  ;; Special case: plain lists and footnote definitions.
+  (should
+   (equal "- A\n  B\n  - C\n\n    D"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text "- A\n   B\n  - C\n\n     D"
+	    (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max))
+	    (buffer-string))))
+  (should
+   (equal "[fn:1] Definition\n\nDefinition"
+	  (org-test-with-temp-text "[fn:1] Definition\n\n  Definition"
+	    (org-indent-region (point-min) (point-max))
+	    (buffer-string)))))
+
+
 \f
 ;;; Editing
 
-- 
1.9.2