I've done some more research on 
https://orgmode.org/list/875z02si3g.fsf@nicolasgoaziou.fr/, and I 
believe the issue is that `org-columns' is setting `truncate-lines' as 
t, while `global-visual-line-mode' is expecting it to be set to nil. The 
interaction between the two causes the wrapping to not occur. 
`org-columns; also cleans up after itself and replaces truncate-lines 
with the original value, which is why the problem only occurs when 
`org-columns' is enabled it.

The attached patch ensures the behaviour is correct when 
`global-visual-line-mode' is enabled and that there are no behaviour 
changes when it has not already been enabled.