wow, I learned a whole lot from your answer Nicholas, but still not quite
enough to make this work for me.  After some puzzling over the syntax for
character values, I believe that what I want should be something like this:

(add-function :before-until electric-pair-inhibit-predicate
              (lambda (c)
                (and (eq ?\[ c)
                     (eq major-mode 'org-mode)
                     (memq (char-before (1- (point))) '(?\[ ?\])))))

The manual says to use advice-add instead of add-function for these cases,
so this could be written like this instead:

(defun mwp-org-mode-electric-inhibit (c)
  (and
   (eq ?\[ c)
   (eq major-mode 'org-mode)
   (memq (char-before (1- (point))) '(?\[ ?\]) )))

(advice-add electric-pair-inhibit-predicate :before-until
#'mwp-org-mode-electric-inhibit)

it seems to sort of work.  That is, the code is effective, but it doesn't
do what I want, so I had to think about the desired behaviour, which is
maybe too complex for this modification:

when I start a link [
go ahead and add pair to
[]
when I add a second [, don't complete
[[]
this is what my code does!

but what I really want is, when I finish adding a link reference, somehow
allow me to stay inside the link to add the link text:
[[https://google.com]] --> [[https://google.com][]]
with point between the final [ and ].
This seems like it needs a more complex intervention.

For now I've just turned off pairing of brackets entirely:

(defun mwp-org-mode-electric-inhibit (c)
  (and
   (eq ?\[ c)
   (eq major-mode 'org-mode))

This works fine, though I'd still like the other :-/

Thanks Nicholas!
On Sun, Oct 21, 2018 at 3:28 AM Nicolas Goaziou <mail@nicolasgoaziou.fr>
wrote:

> Hello,
>
> Matt Price <moptop99@gmail.com> writes:
>
> > - electric-pair and autopair complete [[ immediately, and don't seem to
> > allow me to skip past the closing brackets, so if I try to type [[
> > https://link.to.somewhere][link text]] I end up with
> > [[link.to.somewhere]][link-text] .
>
> I use C-c C-l to insert links with description. However, electric
> pairing does get in the way when writing sub/superscript. I use the
> following snippet to work around the issue:
>
>    (add-function :before-until electric-pair-inhibit-predicate
>                  (lambda (c)
>                    (and (eq ?\{ c)
>                         (eq major-mode 'org-mode)
>                         (memq (char-before (1- (point))) '(?_ ?^)))))
>
> I guess you could do something similar to disable pairing when entering
> a bracket link.
>
> Regards,
>
> --
> Nicolas Goaziou
>