Emacs restart.

org-version -> "Org-mode version 7.7"

org-mobile-push -> "byte-code: Invalid function: org-eval-in-environment"

C-u C-c C-x r (Org reload uncompiled)

org-mobile-push -> "Files for mobile viewer staged"

Works till next restart of emacs. 

Then I downloaded the .tar-file manually and installed via M-x package-install-file RET

Org-reload.

org-version -> "Org-mode version 7.7"

org-mobile-push -> "Files for mobile viewer staged" (i.e. everything works)

I hope this helps to identify the problem with the package manager.

> 8. Restart Emacs
> 9. Now. Do you still run in to the original org-macs issue that you
>   reported?
> 
> Extra information for me:
> 10. What does C-h v package-enable-at-startup RET report?
> 

package-enable-at-startup is a variable defined in `package.el'.
Its value is t

Bastian